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| Registros recuperados: 275 | |
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| Braun, Mirian Beatriz Schneider; Cardoso, Rubiane Daniele; Westeren, Knut Ingar. |
| O objetivo central deste trabalho é fazer uma retrospectiva histórica do processo de formação do Mercosul, o desenvolvimento das relações comerciais, bem como o conseqüente processo de convergência e divergência neste contexto. E ainda avaliar a eficácia do processo de interação no aumento das transações comerciais, tanto intra quanto extra-bloco. Nesta etapa, a característica que diferencia o outro é o processo de unificação dos estados. Desde o surgimento da idéia de integração das economias do Cone Sul da América Latina, ainda em meados dos anos-1980, o processo passou por várias fases. O primeiro edifício conhecido como o Mercosul, entre 1991 e 1998 caracteriza-se por um forte aumento do fluxo de comércio entre os países do... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Comércio; Integração econômica; Mercosul; Trade; Economic integration; Mercosur; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/109676 |
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| Perdikis, Nicholas. |
| The success of multilateral negotiations in reducing explicit trade barriers has focused the attention of policy makers and other interest groups on the impact domestic policies and attitudes may have on trade flows. In the area of genetically modified goods the principal area of dispute between the U.S. and the EU involves fundamental differences in the perception of these goods and consumer attitudes towards them. The current dispute settlement mechanisms do not provide a way of dealing with this type of issue. Existing bodies were designed to deal with "producer vested" interests and so cannot deal with "legitimate" consumer concerns. The paper concludes that a new body should be established to deal with these within the ambit of the WTO. |
| Tipo: Journal Article |
Palavras-chave: Conflicts; EU; GMOs; Trade; U.S.; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2000 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23835 |
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| Diao, Xinshen; Elbasha, Elamin H.; Roe, Terry L.; Yeldan, A. Erinc. |
| An R&D based endogenous growth - applied general equilibrium model is developed from an underlying analytical model which combines Romer's capital variety with Grossman and Helpman's multi-sector open economy model. The transitional dynamics of the analytical model are derived. For numerical implementation, a time discrete empirical model, with an Armington structure, is fit to East Asian data of the social accounting matrix variety. Simulations of trade reform are performed and their static and dynamic effects compared. The transition paths of the state variables are found to have a half-life of five to six periods. A solution of the Social Planner's problem, and interventions which seek to obtain this outcome from the decentralized model are also... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Applied General Equilibrium; Trade; Growth; International Relations/Trade; F11; 031; 041. |
| Ano: 1996 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/7461 |
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| Maia, Ana Cristina Nogueira; Costa, Genivalda Cordeiro Da. |
| A fruticultura irrigada foi introduzida no Rio Grande do Norte, no final dos anos 70, pela empresa Maisa Agroindustrial S/A – MAISA, através do cultivo de melão. A partir da década de 80 outras empresas, como por exemplo, a FRUNORTE passaram a produzir melão e outras frutas na região. Porém, a partir de meados da década de 90, o melão passou a ser produzido também por médios e pequenos produtores da região, inclusive por produtores de áreas de assentamentos de Reforma Agrária, os quais se tornaram fornecedores do produto para a agroindústria – que se encarregava da venda do melão junto aos mercados externo e interno (COSTA, 2002). Este estudo teve como objetivo geral: analisar o processo de produção e comercialização da fruticultura irrigada desenvolvida... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Produção; Comercialização; Fruticultura irrigada; Production; Trade; Irrigated fruit; Crop Production/Industries. |
| Ano: 2008 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/113197 |
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| Beghin, John C.. |
| This background paper is devoted to US sugar policy. A first section describes the features and economics of the US sugar program; a second section is devoted to the welfare and trade effects of the US sugar program; and a final section reports on potential emerging reforms, their expected effects, and implications. Beyond well-established findings on the social cost and inefficiency of the US sugar program, the main findings of this paper are as follows. The current sugar program is becoming unsustainable because sugar imports are progressively creeping into the US market through regional trade agreements, eventually inducing large sugar inventories, or contracting domestic production to unpalatable low levels in order to maintain high internal prices.... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Dispute; HFCS; NAFTA; Sugar; Sugar program; Sweetener; Trade; TRQ; US farm bill; Agricultural and Food Policy. |
| Ano: 2007 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/9374 |
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| Ansen, W.. |
| The quantity of smoked fish from West Africa entering the United Kingdom is estimated to be in the region of 500 tonnes per year with a retail value of £5.8 to £9.35 million. Approximately 120 tonnes arrives by airfreight, a significant proportion of the remainder is thought to be entering as accompanied baggage and product is also arriving overland from mainland Europe. Nigeria currently exports approximately 5 tonnes of smoked fish per month as airfreight - 60 tonnes per annum. Most of this is via Gatwick Airport. The other major exporting countries are Ghana, the Ivory Coast and Cameroon.... |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Smoked products; Trade. |
| Ano: 2003 |
URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1834/914 |
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| Yu, Bingxin; You, Liangzhi; Fan, Shenggen. |
| The recent surge in food prices around the world may reverse the gains of reducing hunger and poverty in the recent years. This paper employs factor and sequential typology analysis using data for 175 countries to identify groups of countries categorized according to four measures of food security: utilization, availability, accessibility and stability. Nine indicators are used for this study: calories intake, protein intake, fat intake, food production, the ratio of total exports to food imports, soil fertility, length of growing period, coefficient of variation of length of growing period and urbanization. The analysis first identifies 5 distinct food security groups characterized by food intake then further split these groups based on similarities and... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Food security; Factor analysis; Agricultural potential; Typology; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; C0; F0; O1. |
| Ano: 2009 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51043 |
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| Kozak, Anita. |
| Spanyolország az EU egyik legnagyobb zöldség- és gyümölcstermelő országa, amely a nem mindig ideális környezeti és infrastrukturális adottságok, az utóbbi éveket jellemző makrogazdasági nehézségek, a kiszámíthatatlan piaci folyamatok ellenére is versenyképes. Ennek alapja a termelők és a kereskedők közötti szoros és hosszú távú együttműködés. A spanyolországi gyümölcstermelés egyik központjaként számon tartott Katalóniába tett tanulmányút tapasztalatait adjuk közre a termelők és a kereskedők szerveződéséről, a több szintű koordinációról, illetve az érdekképviseleti szervezetek működéséről. --------------------------------------------------- Spain is one of the largest fruit and vegetable producer country in the EU, which has preserved its competitive edge... |
| Tipo: Article |
Palavras-chave: Zöldség; Gyümölcs; Termelés; Kereskedelem; Spanyolország; Vegetables; Fruit; Production; Trade; Spain; Agribusiness; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2011 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/119903 |
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| Fletcher, Stanley M.; Nadolnyak, Denis A.. |
| In this paper, we make an attempt to rationalize the strategic behavior of major peanut exporting and importing countries in the framework of imperfectly competitive markets with the focus on the global and inter-American peanut trade. This study is motivated by the fact that liberalizing imperfectly competitive and often distorted markets can have unorthodox effects, in particular increase the incentives to overuse certain trade policies. The results suggest that the South American peanut producers stand to benefit from the reductions in the U.S. peanut production supports but, paradoxically, preservation of a tariff may still be mutually welfare enhancing. In the broader context of global peanut trade, multi-lateral tariff reduction increases the... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Peanuts; Strategic behavior; Tariffs; TRQs; Subsidies; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 2005 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/19460 |
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| Gustafson, Cole R.. |
| This article utilizes the Survey of Small Business Finances to compare and contrast trade credit practices of rural small business firms. The results show that these firms borrow money and then re-lend it to others in the form of trade credit. There is a strong direct relationship between various forms of debt held by these firms and their level of accounts receivable (e.g., trade credit extended to customers). The actual level of re-lending varied among firms depending on their adoption level of computers that are used for cash management and credit services. Accounts receivable balances were also dependent on sales levels, costs of doing business, and other income. The most important source of funds for re-lending was obtained from mortgages and... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: Agribusiness; Trade; Credit; Finance; Agribusiness. |
| Ano: 2004 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/23513 |
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| This report provides summaries of the papers and discussions at the third Consortium on Trade Research held in Washington, D.C., June 23-24, 1981. The cochairmen of the consortium were T. Kelley White, Economic Research Service (ERS), George E. Rossmiller, Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS), and Vernon Sorenson, Michigan State University. The Consortium focused on world demand for agricultural imports and the policies and conditions in low-income, middle-income, and centrally planned countries that influence import demand. An overview paper by Dewain Rahe and Cheryl Christensen assessed future global prospects for agricultural trade. Peter Timmer's paper investigated conceptual and empirical problems in analyzing import demand. Three of the papers... |
| Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Import demand; Projections; State trading; Food reserves; Stockholding; Bilateral agreements; Low-income countries; Middle-income countries; Centrally planned countries; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1982 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51268 |
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| Membership in the European Community (EC) for Greece, Spain, and Portugal may reduce trade between the United States and the EC in selected commodities; prospects for a North American Common Market are not bright; and the diversion of agricultural crops from export to fuel alcohol production would very likely increase, rather than reduce, balance-of-payment deficits for the United States and Brazil. The first meeting of the Consortium on Trade Research, established by the Economics and Statistics Service's International Economics Division and several universities, focused on and continues to analyze these and other global topics. |
| Tipo: Report |
Palavras-chave: Trade; Research; European Community; North American Common Market; Fuel alcohol; International Relations/Trade. |
| Ano: 1980 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/51822 |
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| Grant, Jason H.; Boys, Kathryn A.. |
| Recent empirical studies have estimated the trade flow effect of membership in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and its predecessor, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). One important, although largely untested, conclusion from this literature is that the GATT/WTO has worked well if we ignore trade in agriculture – one of the institution’s seemingly apparent failures. This article investigates this conclusion using a large panel of agricultural and non-agricultural trade flows, the latter of which serves as our benchmark. The results are impressive: the multilateral institution has delivered significant positive effects on members’ agricultural trade relative to trade between non-members. Further, despite their special and differential... |
| Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper |
Palavras-chave: WTO; Membership; Trade; Agricultural and Food Policy; International Development; International Relations/Trade; Political Economy. |
| Ano: 2010 |
URL: http://purl.umn.edu/90886 |
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| Registros recuperados: 275 | |
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